International Journal of Iron & Steel Society of Iran

International Journal of Iron & Steel Society of Iran

The Effect of the Angle of Molten Metal Exit From the Submerged Nozzle on the Flow Inside the Casting Mold

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
H. Safaei
B. Asadi
Mechanical Engineering Group, Golpayegan College of Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Golpayegan, Iran
10.22034/ijissi.2025.2050091.1316
Abstract
Continuous casting is a vital and indispensable process in the modern steel industry, enabling the efficient production of high-quality steel products on a large scale. However, significant challenges such as the clogging of submerged entry nozzles (SENs) adversely and critically impact the process. SEN clogging, caused by the deposition of non-metallic inclusions (NMIs) or solidified steel, alters fluid flow, heat transfer mechanisms, and the overall quality of the final product. Recent advancements in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and sophisticated experimental methods have enhanced the understanding of clogging dynamics significantly. This study examines the effects of clogging-induced changes, specifically variations in jet angle Continuous casting is a vital and indispensable process in the modern steel industry, enabling efficient and large-scale production of high-quality steel. Serious challenges such as the clogging of submerged entry nozzles (SENs), however, negatively affect the process. SEN clogging, caused by the deposition of non-metallic inclusions (NMIs) or solidified steel, alters fluid flow, heat transfer mechanisms, and the overall quality of the final product. Recent advancements in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and sophisticated experimental methods have significantly deepened our understanding on clogging dynamics. This study examines the effects of clogging-induced changes, specifically variations in jet angles, on flow patterns, vortex formation, and effective heat transfer during continuous casting. Numerical simulations based on Navier-Stokes equations and k-ε turbulence model reveal the drastic influence of jet angles on rotational flow, temperature distribution patterns, and solidification dynamics. Findings conclusively showed that a 0-degree jet angle results in stronger surface fluctuations and thicker solid shells compared to the 15-degree angle, thus improving the product quality and overall stability.
s, on flow patterns, vortex formation, and effective heat transfer during continuous casting. Numerical simulations utilizing Navier-Stokes equations and the k-ε turbulence model reveal that jet angles significantly influence rotational flow, temperature distribution patterns, and solidification dynamics. Findings conclusively show that a 0-degree jet angle results in stronger surface fluctuations and thicker solid shells compared to a 15-degree angle, thus impacting product quality and overall stability.
Keywords
Continuous casting
numerical simulation
submerged nozzle

Subjects

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