@article { author = {Saboonchi, A. and Meghdadi, A.}, title = {Significance of Heat Conduction Parameter along the Rolling Direction in the Thermal Modeling of the Hot Rolling Process}, journal = {International Journal of Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, issn = {2981-0388}, eissn = {2981-0396}, doi = {}, abstract = {Obtaining temperature distribution data of slabs under rolling is essential as the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the metal under this process vary with temperature. Using the control volume method, a mathematical model is employed in this study to predict slab temperature in the hot roll process at Mobarakeh Steel Company. The effects of different parameters including the heat resulting from plastic deformation and slab material are investigated. Additionally, heat conduction along the rolling direction in the slab, ignored in most previous studies, is included in our investigation. The study indicates the importance of this term in the accuracy of the results obtained.}, keywords = {Rolling,Heat Transfer,Slab}, title_fa = {Significance of Heat Conduction Parameter along the Rolling Direction in the Thermal Modeling of the Hot Rolling Process}, abstract_fa = {}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4822.html}, eprint = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4822_6c2a45f096e3afc651cf475baa584e5a.pdf} } @article { author = {Kermanpur, A. and Mahmoudi, Sh. and Hajipour, A.}, title = {Three-dimensional Numerical Simulation of Metal Flow and Solidification in the Multi-cavity Casting Moulds of Automotive Components}, journal = {International Journal of Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {8-15}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, issn = {2981-0388}, eissn = {2981-0396}, doi = {}, abstract = {The liquid metal flow and the solidification behaviours in a multi-cavity casting mould of two automotive cast parts were simulated in three dimensions. The commercial code, FLOW-3D® was used because it can track the front of the molten metal by a Volume of Fluid (VOF) method and allows complicated parts to be modeled by the Fractional Area/Volume Obstacle Representation (FAVOR) method. The grey iron automotive components including a brake disc and a flywheel were cast using an automatic sand casting production line. For simulation analysis, the solid models of the casting, the gating system and the ceramic filter were spatially discretised in a multi-block pattern. The surface roughness and the contact angle of the mould were taken into account in the model, based on the properties of the sand mould used. The turbulent flow was simulated using the k-e turbulence model. The Darcy's law was used to analyse the fluid flow throughout the ceramic filter designed in the gating system. Proper boundary conditions were assigned for the model so that both the simulated filling time and the solidification time were achieved in the range of real experimental measurements. The predicted hot spot of the castings were in agreement with experiments. The verified simulation model showed that the four-cavity mould used for the flywheel part is more suitable than the three-cavity one of the brake disc, in getting a more uniform fluid flow and heat transfer conditions which causes similar cast parts in each mould. The simulated flow pattern during the mould filling of the castings showed that the first gate of the gating system was not working properly as it remains partially-filled (not pressurised) throughout the half of the filling stage, causing a possible air absorption by the melt. A smaller cross sectional area for the first gate was suggested. The present simulation model is able to analyse different casting parameters of the automatic multi-cavity sand casting process.}, keywords = {numerical simulation,Casting,Solidification,Finite volume method,Automotive components}, title_fa = {Three-dimensional Numerical Simulation of Metal Flow and Solidification in the Multi-cavity Casting Moulds of Automotive Components}, abstract_fa = {}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4823.html}, eprint = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4823_d434183f2d45fe1e4c87da1b7f36fbaa.pdf} } @article { author = {Jafari, M. and Najafizadeh, A. and Rasti, J.}, title = {Dynamic Recrystallization by Necklace Mechanism During Hot Deformation of 316 Stainless Steel}, journal = {International Journal of Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {16-23}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, issn = {2981-0388}, eissn = {2981-0396}, doi = {}, abstract = {The aim of this study is to investigate the nucleation of new grains by necklacing mechanism during dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The material used is 316 stainless steel. In order to modeling the deformation behavior during hot rolling, one-hit compression tests were performed at temperature range of 950-1100 °C with strain rates of 0.01-1s-1. The result shows that at the temperature of 1000 °C with the strain rate of 0.1 s-1, DRX developed by necklace mechanism, it is far from completeness over the steady state stress. By contrast the hardness increased by development of DRX. The final microstructure is very heterogeneous and comprises of very fine and coarse grains due to the occurrence of partial DRX. The results also show that the necklace structure developed by increasing Zener-Hollomon parameter (Z).}, keywords = {Dynamic recrystallization,NecklaceMechanism,316 Stainless Steel}, title_fa = {Dynamic Recrystallization by Necklace Mechanism During Hot Deformation of 316 Stainless Steel}, abstract_fa = {}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4824.html}, eprint = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4824_892f8000c385eab746cbc782bc323bd4.pdf} } @article { author = {Ebrahimi, R. and Solhjoo, S.}, title = {Characteristic Points of Stress-Strain Curve at High Temperature}, journal = {International Journal of Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {24-27}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, issn = {2981-0388}, eissn = {2981-0396}, doi = {}, abstract = {Determination of critical points on hot stress-strain curve of metals is crucial in thermo-mechanical processes design. In this investigation a mathematical modeling is given to illustrate the behavior of metal during hot deformation processes such as hot rolling. The critical strain for the onset of dynamic recrystallization has been obtained as a function of strain at the maximum stress. In addition, the transition strain from static recrystallization to full metadynamic recrystallization has been presented to form an equation as a function of peak strain, peak stress and steady-state stress. The results of this mathematical modeling are in a good agreement with the experimental data.}, keywords = {Dynamic recrystallization,Metadynamic Recrystallization,Transition Strain,Critical Strain}, title_fa = {Characteristic Points of Stress-Strain Curve at High Temperature}, abstract_fa = {}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4825.html}, eprint = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4825_0afdc57e67e51e9b57f44c3e3e15b186.pdf} } @article { author = {Dehkordi, E. and Tavakoli, A.}, title = {The Effect of Time on the Formation & Growth of Passive Layer on Carbon Steel A516 Gr. 70 in Sour Water}, journal = {International Journal of Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {28-33}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, issn = {2981-0388}, eissn = {2981-0396}, doi = {}, abstract = {A proposed method for protecting carbon steel and hence reducing iron release in an aqueous solution saturated with H2S is presented in this paper. The method is based on forming a stable and resistant sulfide layer (pyrite, FeS2, or pyrrhotite, Fe(1-x)S, phase or a mixture of both) on the carbon steel surface. The study on the formation of the sulfide layer was carried out considering the effects of exposure time and surface status of the steel samples under conditions of static solution saturated with H2S. The sample weight was measured and the chemical composition of the sulfide layer produced was analyzed using the XRD (X-ray diffraction). The crystalline structure was identified by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and EDAX analysis. The results showed that after a 12-day exposure time at a pressure of 15.7 bars and temperature of 130 oC, a passive layer including the pyrite phase was formed on various samples. In addition, the acid citric washed samples enjoyed a more coherence and layer thickness as compared other samples that had a different surface condition.}, keywords = {Corrosion,Passivation,Carbon Steel,Sulfide,Sour Water}, title_fa = {The Effect of Time on the Formation & Growth of Passive Layer on Carbon Steel A516 Gr. 70 in Sour Water}, abstract_fa = {}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4826.html}, eprint = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4826_3d9e86e80bcb0fc1723574ad7e779f79.pdf} } @article { author = {Parsapour, A. and Fathi, M. and Salehi, M. and Saatchi, A. and Mehdikhani, M.}, title = {The Effect of Surface Treatment on Corrosion behavior of Surgical 316L Stainless Steel Implant}, journal = {International Journal of Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {34-38}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, issn = {2981-0388}, eissn = {2981-0396}, doi = {}, abstract = {The AISI 316 L Stainless Steel (SS) specimens were exposed to passivation surface through two different processes including; holding in 40-vol% HNO3 at temperature of 60 ºC for 30 min and 15-vol%H2SO4 at ambient temperature for 1 hour. The corrosion behavior of specimens was evaluated in physiological solutions by electrochemical in vitro tests through linear and Tafel polarization tests. Cyclic polarization tests were performed for investigating of the specimen’s resistance against pitting. Finally, the corrosion resistance of untreated and modified specimens was compared. The results show that the corrosion resistance of 316L SS metallic implant is increased due to passivation surface treatment.  }, keywords = {Surgical Implant,316L stainless steel,Corrosion Behavior,Surface treatment,biocompatibility}, title_fa = {The Effect of Surface Treatment on Corrosion behavior of Surgical 316L Stainless Steel Implant}, abstract_fa = {}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4827.html}, eprint = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4827_4112f5f21a19a17aa19c28ee25f59376.pdf} } @article { author = {Naffakh, H. and Shamanian, M. and Ashrafizadeh, F.}, title = {A Comparative Evaluation of Welding Consumables for Dissimilar Welds between 310 Austenitic Stainless Steel and Inconel 657}, journal = {International Journal of Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {39-49}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, issn = {2981-0388}, eissn = {2981-0396}, doi = {}, abstract = {The current work was carried out to characterize welding of AISI 310 austenitic stainless steel to Inconel 657 nickel-chromium superalloy. The welds were produced using four types of filler materials; the nickel-based corresponding to Inconel 82, Inconel A, Inconel 617 and austenitic stainless steels 310. Of the two joints involved, this paper describes the choice of welding consumables for the joint. The comparative evaluation was based on hot cracking tests (Varestraint test) and estimation of mechanical properties. While Inconel A exhibited the highest resistance to solidification cracking, the Inconel 617 filler material also showed moderate resistance and in addition, the latter was superior from the mechanical properties view-points. It was concluded that for the joint between Inconel 657 and 310 SS, the Inconel A filler material offered the best compromise.}, keywords = {AISI 310,Inconel 657,Dissimilar Welding,Hot Cracking,Varestraint Test}, title_fa = {A Comparative Evaluation of Welding Consumables for Dissimilar Welds between 310 Austenitic Stainless Steel and Inconel 657}, abstract_fa = {}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4828.html}, eprint = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4828_8225ace3f1a1397fddbc7d3edd906ed7.pdf} } @article { author = {Azhari, A. and Golestani-Fard, F. and Mills, KC. and Pourdavoud, F. and Rasti, M. and Izadi, J.}, title = {An Investigation on Mold Powders Properties Consumed in Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {50-54}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, issn = {2981-0388}, eissn = {2981-0396}, doi = {}, abstract = {   This paper describes the work done between IUST and two Iranian steelworks to evaluate and review the performance of mould fluxes in current use for continuous casting. Calculations have been performed to compare actual values of powder consumption, viscosity and break temperature of the fluxes in current use with required values derived from published empirical rules for casting conditions. It has been found that there is, in general, poor agreement between actual and required values. The required viscosities of mould fluxes consumed in MC grades are 2.2 and 1.9 dPas while the measured values are 1.5 and 1.1 dPas, respectively indicating higher values. This situation is reverse in LC grades, and actual viscosities are lower than the measured values based on empirical rules. There is also a disagreement between the carbon content and break temperature of the current fluxes and required values resulting in the defects in produced slabs. These differences are more critical in MC grades. This does not necessarily mean that fluxes are not working well but does imply that a review of mould flux performance is needed before the planned increases in production are implemented. One steel company experienced problems with overflows of steel (bleeds) and with depressions in the surface of the slab. Possible reasons for the formation of these defects are proposed.}, keywords = {Steel,Continuous-Casting,Mould Flux Properties}, title_fa = {An Investigation on Mold Powders Properties Consumed in Iran}, abstract_fa = {}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4829.html}, eprint = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4829_44998de43e368cdf359d141745c77694.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {An Investigation on the Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets in Fixed Bed of Domestic Non–Coking Coals}, journal = {International Journal of Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {8-14}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Iron & Steel Society of Iran}, issn = {2981-0388}, eissn = {2981-0396}, doi = {}, abstract = {In this study, the isothermal reduction of iron oxide pellets, made of Iranian Chadormalo, Gole-gohar, and Sangan iron ores, was investigated in the temperature range of 900-1100°C. Tabas, Pabdana, Babnizoo, Karmozd, and Shahrood domestic coals were used as reductants. Parametric studies were performed and the effects of such factors as temperature, average particle size of iron ore and coal fines, pellet size, and BaCO3 additiveon reduction process were investigated. It was found that both the rate of reduction in the early stages of the process and overall reduction increased for all the iron ores used with increasing temperature. Overall reduction, however, decreased when the size of Sangan iron ore pellet incraesed. It was laso observed that the rate of reduction decreased when the particle size of Sangan iron ore fines increased at the early stages of the process but increased thereafter during the process. The rate of reduction and the overall reduction in Sangan iron ore also increased considerably when BaCO3 was added to Tabas coal at 1100 °C. Finally, a kinetic study was performed for reduction of Sangan iron ore using Tabas coal to determine the activation energy of the reduction reaction. It was found that the activation energy decreased from 159 to 133 kJ/mol by increasing the BaCO3 content from 0% to 5%.}, keywords = {Iron ore,Pellet,Direct reduction,Coal}, title_fa = {An Investigation on the Reduction of Iron Ore Pellets in Fixed Bed of Domestic Non–Coking Coals}, abstract_fa = {}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4831.html}, eprint = {https://journal.issiran.com/article_4831_5ede3020fb6de25f8c7a91e82c608537.pdf} }